BTC-500 | Large-scale, battery testing, adiabatic calorimeter

The BTC-500 is a large-scale adiabatic calorimeter designed for the safe testing of larger battery cells and small modules under thermal, electrical, and mechanical stress conditions.

  • Supports abuse testing of large-format cells and small battery modules
  • Characterises differences in battery performance at scale
  • Helps define safe operating limits for larger battery systems
  • Enables investigation of thermal runaway and propagation behaviour
  • Provides critical safety performance data under real-world stress scenarios
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Overview

The BTC-500 extends adiabatic calorimetry to larger battery formats, enabling safe and reliable testing of high-energy cells and small modules. Its floor-standing design accommodates increased power and size requirements while maintaining precise thermal measurement under abuse conditions.

By enabling detailed analysis of thermal runaway and propagation, the BTC-500 supports the development of safer battery systems at scale. It is particularly valuable for validating safety performance and defining operating limits in applications where battery size and energy density present increased risks

Features and Options

Type of Test

  • Thermal stress: the BTC-500 enables a cell to be subjected to thermal stress under adiabatic conditions, allowing for assessment of its thermal stability and the characterization of thermal runaway events.
  • Electrical stress: Full integration with charge-discharge units supports testing of overcharging and discharging rates. External short circuits can also be applied. Resultant thermal runaway events can be characterized under “worst-case”, adiabatic conditions.
  • Mechanical stress: the BTC-500 can be equipped to perform nail penetration puncture tests, and allows for the characterization of the subsequent thermal runaway.
    • High data rate acquisition, up to 10,000 Hz is available for characterizing extremely fast reactions. 100 Hz data acquisition and unique tests are available for compliance with GB/T 36276-2018
    • Additional capabilities to aid further mechanistic understanding of thermal propagation and thermal runaway include:
      • Automated gas sampling for vent gas analysis.
      • Triggering a cell at a specific position within a module to undergo thermal runaway.
      • Integrated video camera to record changes to the test sample.
      • Thermal mapping (multipoint temperature measurement) of a sample.

Battery/Sample Size

  • Cylindrical cells (upwards from 18650), prismatic cells, pouch cells, and small modules.
  • Chamber internal size – 500 mm diameter / 500 mm tall.

Temperature Control

  • Ambient to 500 °C.
  • Optional: sub-ambient temperatures starting from -40 °C

Intelligent Software Control and Analysis

  • Control software enables regular data logging, multi-step recipes, parameter control, and feedback loops.

Safety Features

  • Automatic, user-configurable event detection and shutdown procedures, to ensure user safety
  • Containment vessel designed to retain fragments and fumes should a sample decompose
  • N2 purge for when operating under sub-ambient conditions, or for the safe purging of hazardous gases after a thermal runaway
  • Automatic hardware and software fail-safes are installed on every system

Application Notes:

On-Demand Webinars:

Blogs:

Videos:

  • Heat Wait Search Video Using H.E.L Battery Testing Calorimeters (BTC)
    • With The H.E.L BTC 130 the maximum temperature of the environment which results in a battery thermal explosion that can be predicted by placing the sample in the BTC and performing well-established adiabatic tests. This involves stepwise heating, followed by a wait-and-search period that can be used with cells and large battery packs alike to determine the maximum safe operating temperature.

Technical Literature

The following is a list of supporting Technical Literature.

Integration of mass spectrometry to characterize the gas evolution of batteries in thermal runaways using adiabatic calorimetry.

Assessing the suitability of H.E.L’s BTC-500 for small battery testing

Publications

The following are a list of some technical publications which highlight the use of the equipment.

A comprehensive insight into the thermal runaway issues in the view of lithium-ion battery intrinsic safety performance and venting gas explosion hazards

Gang Wei, Ranjun Huang, Guangxu Zhang, Bo Jiang, Jiangong Zhu, Yangyang Guo, Guangshuai Han, Xuezhe Wei, Haifeng Dai

01-Nov-2023

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0306261923010152(Subscription or purchase maybe required for full access)


Revealing the multilevel thermal safety of lithium batteries

Gaojie Xu, Lang Huang, Chenglong Lu, Xinhong Zhou, Guanglei Cui

01-Oct-2020

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ensm.2020.06.004(Subscription or purchase maybe required for full access)


Study on the Performance of Parallel Air-Cooled Structure and Optimized Design for Lithium-Ion Battery Module

Shuai Pan, Changwei Ji, Shuofeng Wang & Bing Wang

28-Jul-2020

https://doi.org/10.1007/s10694-020-01020-x(Subscription or purchase maybe required for full access)


In-Operando Impedance Spectroscopy and Ultrasonic Measurements during High-Temperature Abuse Experiments on Lithium-Ion Batteries

Hendrik Zappen, Georg Fuchs and Alexander Gitis and Dirk Uwe Sauer

22-Apr-2020

https://doi.org/10.3390/batteries6020025(Subscription or purchase maybe required for full access)


Study on thermal stability of nickel-rich/silicon-graphite large capacity lithium ion battery

Hang Li, Xiangbang Kong, Chaoyue Liu, Jinbao Zhao

01-Oct-2019

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2019.114144(Subscription or purchase maybe required for full access)


Prediction of the heavy charging current effect on nickel-rich/silicon-graphite power batteries based on adiabatic rate calorimetry measurement

Hang Li, Chaoyue Liu, Xiangbang Kong,Jun Cheng, Jinbao Zhao

01-Oct-2019

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2019.226971(Subscription or purchase maybe required for full access)


Measurements in abusive tests on lithium ion polymer cells

F. Bianchi; B. Tevenè

14-May-2015

https://doi.org/10.1109/I2MTC.2015.7151419(Subscription or purchase maybe required for full access)


Downloads

The following are a list of available downloads.

Industries and Applications

Discover our Service Support

We take care of your instrument during its full life cycle, from installation through to calibration, preventative maintenance, and repair. We offer a range of support options – from remote support and one-off visits to service agreements – to help you concentrate on achieving your goals.

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